Aristotle and Aquinas Essay - 2012 Words

Aristotle and Aquinas Among political theorists, the debate over the rule of law has been quite intense. From the earliest days of political philosophy through to the enlightenment, there have been varying views on what the rule of law should be. Two thinkers in particular - Aristotle and St. Thomas Aquinas - are perhaps the most influential. On the surface, they both advocate the rule of law as playing a crucial role in society. But upon deeper analysis, one finds that Aristotles views sharply contrast with those of Aquinas. This essay shall attempt to elucidate the disagreement between Aristotle and Aquinas, by first outlining Aristotles arguments for and against the rule of law, and then by explaining what Aristotle†¦show more content†¦Take, for example, the crime of murder. How can murder be classified? No two murders can ever be identical. Each murderer has his or her own motives. Some may kill in self-defence, while others may kill as a psychological disorder. Is it thus fair to judge all murderers as equals? Of course not. Accordingly, it would seem that the rule of law is necessarily deficient in some areas. Yet, Aristotle does not discard the rule of law altogether. In fact, he supports it by saying that the ruler must himself necessarily be a legislator, and that laws must exist.3 But what about those things that the law is unable to determine? In these cases, who should wield authority? Aristotle presents two arguments which seem to indicate that he supports aristocratic rule. Firstly, because of their numerical superiority, the multitude are better equipped to judge in areas where the law is deficient. In his own words, he writes a crowd can judge many matters better than any single person.4 The logic of this argument is simple: The multitude has many different expertises, and thus when acting as a unit, it can judge better than a single person with only one expertise. Secondly, the multitude is less corruptible than an individual. While an individual can be consumed by anger or other passions, it is hard for all [the multitude] to become angry and err at the same time5 With this, it may seem as thoughShow MoreRelated Locke, Aristotle and Aquinas Essay2204 Words   |  9 PagesLocke, Aristotle and Aquinas      Ã‚   In the tomes of history, many philosophers have outlined their visions of a perfect society.   Until recently however, few have ventured into the waters of religious tolerance.   One such philosopher was John Locke.   Writing in the late 17th century, Locke advocated a complete separation between church and state.   He argued for an unprecedented tolerance of people of all faiths.  Ã‚   Although Lockes views became widely popular throughout Europe and the AmericasRead MoreSimilarities Between Aristotle And Aquinas1207 Words   |  5 Pages Both Aristotle and Aquinas were prominent philosophers who wrote profound works that discussed the concept of the highest human good and how humans can achieve it. In Aristotle’s, Nicomachean Ethics, the highest human good is a state of constant seeking knowledge as a way of achieving full capacity as a human. The writings of Aquinas are similar to Aristotle, but, in Treatise on Law, he discusses the type and elements of law. His discourse on law ultimately names the highest human good as beingRead MoreConfucius, Aristotle, Aquinas, And Erasmus1713 Words   |  7 PagesConfucius, Plato, Aristotle, Quintilian, Aquinas, and Erasmus As a Christian educator, it is important to base educational practices on Biblical authority. Christian education should teach students to learn to act like God and to do His work (Graham, 2003). â€Å"True education is to develop knowledge of God and His created reality and to use that knowledge in exercising a creative-redemptive dominion over the world . . . â€Å" (Graham, 2003, p. 57). Being a Christian educator, does not mean that organizationalRead MoreEssay on Aristotle and Thomas Aquinas2022 Words   |  9 Pagesthinkers and scholars has had challenges too but there are two outstanding works that have gained credit from most, if not all, of the scholars and modern philosophers. In this Essay, the researcher takes a keen look at the works of Aristotle and that of St. Thomas Aquinas. To be able to tackle the essay well, it is important to ask at this stage, using Aristotle’s philosophy and Thomas Aquinas’s philosophical insights, is it possible to establis h a connection between the warring sides of philosophyRead MoreMoral Behavior: Aquinas and Aristotle vs. Kant1356 Words   |  6 PagesMoral Behavior: Aquinas and Aristotle vs. Kant When comparing between the philosophies of St. Thomas Aquinas/Aristotle and those of Immanuel Kant when regarding moral behavior, there are some very fundamental differences. On one hand, you have Kant’s autonomous perspective on behavior morality, in which you give the law to yourself. On the other hand, you have the heteronomy views of Aristotle and Aquinas which concludes that one can measure their conduct against an external force. Kant’sRead MoreComparison of Plato, Aquinas, Aristotle and Augustine1473 Words   |  6 Pagesis. The point is not to establish an idea of God, but instead to determine what is right, good, just, and true; God is the precondition or origin of the Forms or the timeless, abstract, unchanging objects of the understanding. (Plato 412 Aristotle Truth/Reality Reality is real; contradictory predicates cannot apply to the same thing, in the same way, at the same time; human beings prefer to live; and that facts are facts. I therefore reject the rejects the mystical Platonic notion of aRead MoreComparison of Plato, Aquinas, Aristotle and Augustine1464 Words   |  6 PagesThe point is not to establish an idea of God, but instead to determine what is right, good, just, and true; God is the precondition or origin of the Forms or the timeless, abstract, unchanging objects of the understanding. (Plato 412 Aristotle Truth/Reality Reality is real; contradictory predicates cannot apply to the same thing, in the same way, at the same time; human beings prefer to live; and that facts are facts. I therefore reject the rejects the mystical Platonic notion ofRead MoreMoral Virtues Between Aristotle And St. Thomas Aquinas1147 Words   |  5 Pagestheories of moral virtues between Aristotle and St. Thomas Aquinas, analysing and assessing how their beliefs have influenced European culture. Aristotle (384-322BCE) was an ancient Greek Philosopher who was a polymath and productive writer. Despite the fact that it can’t be positive it is commonly accepted the Nichomachean Ethics (NE) are his own works (IEP, 2005), and it is in Book Tow that the topic of virtue and moral values is one of several conferred. St. Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274), a Dominican priestRead MoreNichomachean Ethics And Thomas Aquinas986 Words   |  4 Pagesrelationship between justice, good, and happiness, specifically in Aristotle’s â€Å"Nichomachean Ethics† and Thomas Aquinas’ â€Å"On the Nature of Law.† And by examining these texts I wish to argue that even though they lived nearly 1000 years apart, Aristotle and St. Thomas Aquinas share the same overall view of justice, but they each follow different paths to reach that justice. Both Aristotle and Thomas Aquinas believe in the pursuit of happiness as a measure of justice and a desirable chief end of life. So inRead MoreEssay on St. Thomas Aquinas’ On Being and Essence1002 Words   |  5 Pages In St. Thomas Aquinas’ On Being and Essence, he devotes an entire chapter of his book discussing how essence is found in composite substances. â€Å"Form and matter are found in composite substances, as for example soul and body in man. But it cannot be said that either one of these alone is called the essence.’ Aquinas argues that in a composite substance, not only is the form but also matter in the essence of a thing. However, in Metaphysics, Aristotle says that essence is in the form, which acts

Aristotle, The Greatest Thinkers Of All Times Essay

Aristotle is one of the greatest thinkers of all times and influenced every area of present day thinking. Aristotle was born in 384 BCE at Stagirus, Macedonia, A Greek colony and seaport on the coast of Thrace. He took a liking to Plato and decided to go to Plato’s school, the Academy, in Athens, Greece. For the next twenty years, he remained in the Academy as a student then as a teacher. Aristotle became the mind of school and followed Plato. After the death of Plato, he moved to Assos. During his time in Assos, he embraces the individual’s point of view using arguments, reasoning, and persuading. According to Aristotle, Individual is confronted by persuasion every day in life. It might take in various situations and places and categorized into three sections which are, the appeal of emotion, the appeal to reason and the appeal to one’s character. Aristotle calls them Ethos, in which is used to describe the ideas and beliefs that characterize the community, Log os in which using logical arguments, scientific method and proof to persuade and Pathos, is a purpose of presentation, advertising and pity for persuasion. Furthermore, these aspects can also be found in outside sources such as advertisements, medias and people trying to persuade others like candidates or running from something that needed to persuade to win. Body, A1 According to Aristotle â€Å"the character ethos of the speaker is a cause of persuasion when the speech is so uttered as to make him worthy of belief, forShow MoreRelatedForms and Causes: Philosophies of Aristotle and Plato Essay1129 Words   |  5 PagesAristotle and Plato are two of the most influential philosophers in history. Plato was Socrates’ greatest student and in turn taught Aristotle. In time, Aristotle became Plato’s greatest student. Together Aristotle and Plato, along with Socrates, laid the groundwork for what we now know as Western philosophy and science. Plato, in addition to being a philosopher, wrestled at the Olympic level, is one of the classical Greek authors, mathematicians and the founder of The Academy, the first higherRead MoreSocrates Vs Socrates1704 Words   |  7 PagesSocrates and Aristotle would think that philosophy was for the greater good and expanding the minds of those around them. Socrates in particular would regard philosophy as conversational and weeding out those who ‘know’ and those who do not. Aristotle would use philosophy to try to reach the conclusion on what happiness is. These great thinkers believed absolute contemplation was the greatest pleasure human beings could reach, so for them philosophy was reaching a type of Nirvana. Take the ApologyRead MoreAristotle And Aristotle s Views On Morality1394 Words   |  6 PagesBoth Aristotle and Aquinas, are both considered to be in the discussion of ancient/medieval thinkers. Though these individuals have differences in certain viewpoints, their overall ideology puts them in a grouping that is different from the individuals considered to be late modern thinkers (i.e. Kant and Mill). The discussions made in this essay will elaborate on the contexts of what each of the thinkers considered to be relevant to the making of moral judgments, how each think believed that decisionsRead More The Rise Of Christianity Essay1320 Words   |  6 Pageselements; the motion of the heavenly bodies; the shape of the cosmos; the species of animals and plants; the nature of stones, rivers, and mountains; about time and distance; the signs of coming storms; or about a thousand other things which these scientists have either found out, or think they have found out. However, the rediscovery of Aristotle and other ancient philosophers had a profound effect on European thought. This caused the Catholic Church to become deeply concerned. Those whose ideasRead MoreEssay about Confucius and Aristotle on Virtue953 Words   |  4 PagesConfucius and Aristotle on Virtue Lisa Wilson Dr. Malone Date 12/5/2015 Confucius and Aristotle are some of the greatest thinkers in the history of mankind. While Confucius was born in China and spearheaded a new way of perceiving morality, Aristotle was born in Macedon/Greece and also immersed his philosophical work to addressing moral thinking.Both philosophers have addressed similar subjects with major points of divergence and convergence.Read MoreEthics, Utilitarianism, Deontology, And Virtue Ethics1415 Words   |  6 Pagesthe world. Majority of these scenarios, virtue ethics brings about the best results for those within the South Park community and the main characters. In the following, I will argue why virtue ethics is the most effective theory to always follow of all theories and how always following a utilitarianism and deontology approach can cause conflict within oneself and society. In the 90’s, Trey Parker, Matt Stone, and Bryan Garden created South Park. This show has incorporated loads of satire that standsRead MoreAristotle s Ethics Of Happiness1515 Words   |  7 Pageshappiness is known as eudaimonia, and is an Intrinsic Good. For Aristotle, humans reach their supreme goal of eudaimonia through intellectual and moral virtues. When one can habitually and favorably find the mean between extreme actions in any situation, moral virtue is reached. Intellectual virtue is reached through phronesis, or when an individual uses his or her mind to choose a â€Å"right† decision. The cultivation of habit is necessary for Aristotle because when choosing the situational mean is deep-rootedRead MorePlato And Aristotle s Views On Life794 Words   |  4 PagesTameka Jonas Thompson Survey of Philosophical Thoughts2010 Professor James Moore June 9, 2015 Analogy of Plato and Aristotle Aristotle and Plato were each great intellectual however their views on life are totally different. Plato was born round the year 428 BCE in Athens. (Plato) Plato was then introduce to was introduced to philosophy by Socrates in 469-399 B.C.( Plato)Who then became is mentor, however Socrates died , however shortly after his mentor die he had an an inspirationRead MoreA Comparison of Great Scientists in History Essay1063 Words   |  5 Pagesthe time Ancient Greece. Like so many others of his time, he sought to understand the universe, why it is, and how it came to be. The great philosopher Aristotle (384-322 B.C.) was yet another of many astounding Ancient Greek thinkers, among which were Plato and Socrates. â€Å"The Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle possessed and outstanding intellect. His writings - on politics to zoology - spanned all branches of human knowledge. Although his ideals have not always stood the test of time, Aristotle’sRead MoreThe Existence Of God And The Renaissance Era821 Words   |  4 Pagesthat was shared by most of the well-known philosophers and theologians of the time. The very name medieval (meaning, the in-between time) philosophy suggests the tendency of modern thinkers to go directly from Aristotle to the Renaissance era. What seems to justify this attitude is the tendency of philosophers during this period to seek truth along with orthodoxy. Most of the medieval thinkers from religions such as Judaism, Christianity, and Islam were pre-occupied with

Canadas Defining Moments in History free essay sample

Their first active role in international affairs was in the United Nations. The United Nations was founded in 1945 by France, China, the United Kingdom, the United States, and the Soviet Union. They wanted to replace the old League of Nations (Founded after World War 1) with a better organization that would succeed where the League of Nations failed. The United Nations aimed to promote world peace and security, economic and social development, and human rights. Canada strongly supported the United Nations and their idea of promoting world peace and security so they decided to sign the charter on April 4th 1945 with 50 other nations. Canada wanted to increase the foreign aid to the less developed countries around the world with the help of the United Nations. Canada contributed a lot towards the UN like money and support for world peace. Their role in the UN was tremendous. Lester B Pearson served as the president of the General Assembly from 1952 to 1953. Canada had served a record six terms on the Security Council, first in 1948-49. Being part of the United Nations was a defining moment in Canadian history since nations around the world started to become aware of the things Canada is able to do by their selves. Canada was deeply involved in the creation of the United Nations. Some nations thought Canada should not be focusing at any economic or cultural organizations at that time. According to David Mackenzie, the author of â€Å"A World beyond Borders†, some people thought Canada shouldn’t be a part of world affairs and should be just focusing on creating military alliances. He stated â€Å"Although some countries acknowledged Canada’s interest in non-military article, they saw no need for Canada to be joining any economic or cultural organizations. Canada should stick to creating military alliances instead. (Mackenzie 83) If Canada listened to these people then Canada wouldn’t be where they are today. Canada needed to be part of more international affair so they decided to join the United States and ten other countries in NATO. On April 4th 1949 the North Atlantic Treaty Organization was formed.. The United States, Canada, and ten other countries signed the tr eaty that day. NATO was a defence alliance. NATO was formed during the Cold War. It was mean to help each other out if they get attacked by the Soviet Union or the Warsaw Pact. The twelve countries had committed to defend each other no matter what happened. According to Article 5 of the NATO treaty, all the members that were a part of the organization had promised to defend each other in the event of an attack, it stated â€Å"An armed attack against one or more of them in Europe or North America shall be considered an attack against them all†(Mackenzie,83). This meant if France was getting attacked by the Soviet Union then the countries involved in NATO had to help out France. I think this is a very good rule to obey since if you are fighting with another country it is nice to know that you have allies by your side that would help you no matter what. NATO was another defining moment in Canadian history because it was the first peacetime alliance Canada had ever joined. Canada was a part of peacetime alliances before but that was when Britain controlled the country. This was their first alliance as a independent country. Nations around the world started to become aware of what Canada was doing in world affairs after World War 2. They started thinking about having alliances with Canada after seeing what they were capable of doing. Especially the United States, they start to become alert of what Canada is capable of doing. To make their defense cooperation with Canada stronger they decided to work together to create NORAD. The North American Air Defence Command (NORAD) was formed in 1957, when the United States found out that the Soviet Union built long range bombers and ballistic missiles that were able to reach North America. The Soviet Union had a plan to send missiles through Canada to hit the United States. Canada was in a crucial position at that time; they did not know what they should do. Canada played a very important role in NORAD since with their permission the United States would build a series of radar tations in the arctic to be warned of Soviet Union attacks. Canada analyzed the situation and agreed to help the United States defeat the Soviet Union. This was a defining moment in Canadian history since our alliance with the United States started to become even stronger. Their defence cooperation started to increase after NORAD since the US started to gain more trust in Canada. Without Can ada’s help in the cold war there would be a different end result to the war. After working with the United States, Canada found it much easier to trade with the US after NORAD. This is Canada and the United State’s first time working together as a defence cooperation and it was successful. If Canada did not work with the United States in NORAD Canada would not have had a strong alliance like they do today. These defining moments made Canada who they are today. It gave Canada a better reputation and it showed countries around the world that Canada can not only fight in wars but they can also work together in world affairs. Canada’s relationship with the US got stronger because of NORAD and NATO. Also, Canada started to become known better on the world stage

Law Sample Essay - Importance of Law in Your Life

Lawyers have played an important role during three pivotal moments in my familys life and thus impressed upon me the significance of what they do. Before I describe those events, though, I must provide you with the context of the unusual circumstances under which I grew up.Except for the fact that my parents had married and divorced each other three times, I had led a fairly normal life up until the age of ten. My father worked in a General Motors factory and provided his family with a middle-class existence that included a house and two cars. When I was ten, however, my world collapsed. My parents divorced for the fourth and final time, setting off a nasty custody battle, depleting our financial resources, and forcing my mother, brother, two younger sisters, and myself to go on welfare. (My mother had just given birth to my youngest sister and so was not able to work yet.) It was a demeaning situation that I will never forget. Our food and clothes were in limited supply. We would ea t the same type of meal for two or three days in a row. Everything was a struggle, and worst of all, depending on others was humiliating.After four years of this predicament, my mother was able to get a job cleaning houses. She often had to work nights, so it fell to me as the oldest child to care for my siblings. I became, in effect, a surrogate parent. In fact, my youngest sister was calling me Dad by the time she was three years old.When I was 15, our family suffered another blow. A careless physicians faulty conclusion that my youngest sister had been molested prompted authorities to remove both my sisters from our home for several months.Upon my sisters return, my mother took a second, nighttime job, which placed even more responsibility on my shoulders. I had no time for a carefree teenage existence because I was too busy looking after my sisters and brother. I had concerns totally outside of the thinking of my classmates at school. This turned me into someone who was somewhat more serious and mature than many of my peers.Somehow I still managed to do well in high school, graduating in the top five percent of my class and winding up as 1 of only 2 (of 400) seniors being accepted at my top-tiered university. Because of my familys dire financial situation, I had never dreamed that I might enjoy such an opportunity, but a generous scholarship made it all possible. My undergraduate years have been exhilarating and rewarding, and I have compiled a respectable academic record even while commuting two-and-a-half hours each day.Law has emerged as my career choice for a number of reasons. As I indicated earlier, attorneys have been present at three key moments in my familys history. A lawyer was there during the custody battle that my mother won, a lawyer provided the counsel that led to my sisters being returned to us (he recommended that a second doctor examine them, thus negating the molestation charge), and a lawyer helped my mother through a critical period when she had gone deeply into debt (not surprising for a woman raising four children on $8,000 a year).As I move toward the completion of my undergraduate days, I feel very grateful for the blessing of the education I have received. My parents, both Peruvian immigrants, never went beyond high school. While I enjoyed all the benefits of my university experience, my mother was still cleaning other peoples toilets in order to try to make ends meet. As a lawyer, I will be in a position to achieve some measure of financial stability and help out my mother. I will also be able to give something back to others. (I speak Spanish, which should be an asset to me in Southern California.) Majoring in history has refined my research skills and prompted me to recognize that I will likely enjoy studying precedents and other aspects of the legal process. I enjoy writing, relate well to others, and, not surprisingly, feel a special compassion for those who are disadvantaged. Last year, in fact, I sp ent six months doing volunteer work at the Interfaith Hunger Coalition, which provides leads to individuals who are seeking food.Considering my background, I believe I have already come a long way in my life and have demonstrated that I am both a survivor and a hard worker.

The Roman Republic

1962 advert for Marlboro cigarettes Essay Example

1962 advert for Marlboro cigarettes Essay Example 1962 advert for Marlboro cigarettes Paper 1962 advert for Marlboro cigarettes Paper The next set of lines state to the reader that the flavour of the cigarettes is unfiltered but the cigarette does have a filter The use of juxtaposing words makes the readers think twice at first. The initial part of the phrase writes that the cigarette has a filter, which is good for the health of the consumers. The second part tells the reader that even though it has got a filter the flavour of the cigarette or the experience of smoking one is unfiltered, suggesting it is undiluted, which makes it even better than the first part of the phrase.Hence, both parts of the sentence are positive and combine to make one encouraging phrase. The box of cigarettes is what stands out the most in the whole advertisement, since it is in red and it is up front. The box is open for the possible consumers to see the new type of cigarettes and convince themselves that the cigarettes are almost alike. There are three visible cigarettes in the advert, but only one is raised enough to be taken; this makes the reader eager to take one, increasing the chances of readers buying a pack of cigarettes.In addition, the only colour other than black and white is red. This colour links in the head of consumers reading the advert with the pack of cigarettes of the Marlboro brand. Almost at the bottom of the advertisement, below the box of cigarettes the advertisement reads: You got a lot to like- Filter, Flavour, Pack or Box. The advert is telling the reader that both the unfiltered flavour and the filter inside the cigarette complement to make it irresistible to them.Good for their health with the same taste they already love. Plus, they sell them in a pack, for space and weight convenience since its lighter and smaller, or, in a box for men in heavy-duty jobs that carry their cigarettes in their pockets all day. This line is stating all the good things about these cigarettes and it gives no choice to the consumer but to think that the Marlboro cigarettes are the best in every possible way.In addition, the omission of the health warning is beneficial since readers will not even remember all the consequences of smoking. This idea of health precautions is also removed by the impression of the filter eliminating all bad things from the body and men convinced that also they can smoke filtered cigarettes. Also, at the very bottom it is clear that cigarette companies like Marlboro can support and promote sports, which again links with the idea of cigarettes not having any side effects.In conclusion, the advertisement uses various techniques to contribute to the effectiveness of the message that is sent across to every potential consumer. Every advertisement of the Marlboro brand uses a common technique of language and image to persuade the reader to buy their cigarettes, but this one in particular uses some language and visual techniques that enhance both messages in the advertisement.

G & P Trucking Company, Inc Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

G & P Trucking Company, Inc - Assignment Example Apart from these, G&P holds various service awards for deliveries to Eastman Chemical, Wal-Mart and W W Grainger etc. in addition to service awards for commendable service provided, G&P also holds more than 40 safety awards since the year 2000. Further strengths for G&P lay in their operations systems. They have a dense infrastructure system equipped with secured trailer storage, 24/7 central dispatch, repower capabilities, a dense terminal network, pioneering enterprise software, local dispatch at port terminals, mobile satellite communication capabilities, customized reporting and web tracking etc. ii. Weaknesses However, there are still weaknesses that G&P has to face as well. There is a driver shortage because drivers have moved to construction and warehousing jobs. This is because drivers that are employed are required to put in long hour which results in them spending more time on the job than they get to spend at home or otherwise in leisure activities. 14 hours of duty is req uired in a day’s work of which 11 are driving hours. iii. Opportunities G&P faces opportunities from the external environment in the form of the room for growth in the trucking and freight business. Since there is a lot of demand for reliable freight companies that actually provide the quality service that they claim to provide in this globalised world, G&P has great potential for further growth and success. iv. Threats Threats from the external environment include rising fuel costs. There is a base rate for fuel that is almost always non-negotiable. Trucks average 5 miles per gallon and there is no compensation for fuel costs for any empty miles driven or when the drivers stop to rest. There are also hurdles associated with government and agency regulations which sometimes make it difficult for a trucking company like G&P to operate by erecting bureaucratic barriers which slow operations down. (Trucking-How Hard Can It Be?). 2. Environmental Analysis i. External environmenta l Factors When conducting an analysis of the external environment we look at the competitors to G&P. There is Atlantic Trucking Co, Inc. and F & I Trucking Corp. Between the two of them Atlantic Trucking Co poses a bigger threat of competition to G&P Trucking because they have been operating for roughly the same number of years in the same industry, with experience and results almost at par with each other. However, ATC’s operations may be considered more expansive in terms of types of service provided. ii. Current State of Business Target Markets According to an article in USA Today, the trucking industry is facing some difficulties, mostly because of the driver shortage. The U.S government has predicted an increase of 31% in the amount of haulage sent by road from 2005 to 2117 and with a shortage of drivers, the trucking industry will find it hard for this increased workload to cope with. (Glen Creno and Dennis Wagner, 2008). iii. Evaluation of current Marketing Objectives and Performance The trucking industry should join the herd of business entities using the internet and social media to promote and market themselves. Websites and social media websites can be used to more effectively reach out to prospective customers and employees alike. Many trucking companies have improved their current performance by improving their operating costs. G&P trucking needs to further align this area to changes in

International business Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

International business - Movie Review Example Among those victims is a senior risk-management executive, who was working on a major analysis just when he was let go. As the person is leaving he hands a USB drive to an analyst who works late in the night. The data on the usb disturbs him and turns out to be first rumbling of the storm. He unlocks information that could prove to be the downfall of the firm and further finds out that both the market and the company are about to crash. On this he calls his seniors and colleagues in and informs them about the companys financial disaster which follows an emergency meeting and a long panicked night until dawn when the owner of the company John Tuld arrives. The owner is informed of the financial crisis which the company was facing over the past 40 months the company have packaged a series Mortgage Backed Securities (Mbs) into one tradable commodity. The idea was quite profitable but it requires a month to layer the products that is, they have to hold the products for a longer time than desired and they are based on mortgages and risk is elevated. The company’s (MBS) have decreased by 25%, and that was the rate at which the losses will exceed even the current value of the company. The company based on historic patterns, had exceeded their levels of volatility that is their historic volatility has exceeded the limits. They were already facing the crisis as the company has broken through for the past 5 days. The owner was told it will take weeks to clear the problem and if they stop buying it will be noticed and they were left with 60 traders only. The owner inquires how bad the situation was and he was told that the company was al ready in a crisis, the young analyst also informs him that him if the assets were to be decrease by just 25%, it will exceed the value of the company. The decision made by the owner was to

Staples - Goodwill Report Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Staples - Goodwill Report - Research Paper Example The company has its stores operating all around the world and delivering quality goods and services to the customers worldwide. It manages its goodwill and credible position through effective communication channels, proper employee management, valuing loyal customers and building a successful network of honest stakeholders for the organization. An effective management o the organizational plans and strategies, is what constitutes the goodwill. Besides this, being loyal and honest to the customers and maintaining a customer-centered attitude forms the basis of an advanced and organized goodwill plan. Thus, we can assume that the overall management and implementation of goodwill plan is the absolute need of an organization to operate successfully. This element has given rise to many success stories, such as that of Staples Incorporation. An elaborated goodwill plan of Staples is discussed ahead in this paper. Table of Contents Staples Incorporation 4 Communication 5 Customers 7 Employe es 7 Environment 8 Conclusion 9 Recommendation 10 Works Cited 11 Appendix 12 Appendix A 12 Appendix B 13 Appendix C 14 Illustrations Direct Competitor Comparison    SPLS PVT1 ODP OMX Industry Market Cap: 11.05B N/A 1.12B 626.71M 319.51M Employees: 52,919 N/A 40,000 30,000 2.75K Qtrly Rev Growth (yoy): 1.90% N/A -3.20% -2.80% 5.90% Revenue (ttm): 24.66B N/A 11.53B 7.10B 447.72M Gross Margin (ttm): 30.09% N/A 28.80% 25.63% 35.50% EBITDA (ttm): 2.09B N/A 235.86M 222.22M 26.40M Operating Margin (ttm): 6.47% N/A 0.25% 1.79% 4.32% Net Income (ttm): 891.42M N/A -116.36M 55.22M N/A EPS (ttm): 1.23 N/A -0.42 0.63 0.15 P/E (ttm): 12.59 N/A N/A 11.55 18.87 PEG (5 yr expected): 0.77 N/A -7.84 1.30 0.98 P/S (ttm): 0.44 N/A 0.10 0.09 0.75 Pvt1 = Lyreco Group (privately held) ODP = Office Depot, Inc. OMX = OfficeMax Incorporated Industry = Specialty Retail, Other Business organizations are operating in a very tough corporate environment these days. They are struggling hard to maintain their comp etitiveness along with being resilient, flexible and rulers at the same time. For this purpose, it becomes necessary for them to keep up their goodwill and take care of the performance and reputation in the market among tough rivals and cutting edge competition. Staples Incorporation Not every company is a success story. There are many organizations, both large and small scale, which are working in the rigid business environment. Similarly, staples is one such company which is attempting to pave its way through managing in building goodwill amongst the other market leader. The Staples Incorporation is one of the larger office supply chain store, which has more than 2,000 operational stores which are working in around 26 countries. The store has its main foundation in United States, Framingham, Massachusetts, and has its large network of retail stores operating all across the world. The retail outlets of Staples are all also involved in the business dealings and transactions with sev eral firms in numerous European countries and this is commonly referred to as the Staple Advantage (Bloom Energy, Online). The organization has built up its reputation in the market of furniture, supplies, promotional products, office machines, technology and other services to various businesses in both, physical stores and

Developing Leadership: Innate or learned?

Developing Leadership: Innate or learned? Leadership has been an issue of much debate and research over the past century. It has evolved from which was essentially an individual and trait based phenomena to what we currently know as distributed leadership (Edwards 2011). The individual however remains in the heart of the matter. Current studies have emphasised the importance of learning and cognitive approach for effective leadership (Northhouse 2010). Evolved research studies have laid down the importance of acquired skills as much as personality traits that exist within individuals to lead. One of the early criticisms of the trait theory was that leaders may find it difficult to adapt to changing roles and circumstances leading to the development of the situational theory (Edwards 2011). Emerging concepts of leadership emphasise on learning and propagate that leadership abilities can be developed and cultivated with training. However in order to develop oneself as a successful leader one needs to develop himself or herself as an individual first. This essay will discuss and analyse the possibilities of leadership development and the theories that propagate it and would explain how leadership development is linked to personal development. Developing leadership: Leadership development is focused on developing the leadership abilities and attitudes of individuals. People might be born with certain physical attributes to perform at the highest level like sport stars or artists, yet they also need to practice and training to make it to the top and maintain consistency. No one can dismiss the importance of coaches in soccer in spite of the raw talent that exists in a team. It requires a great deal of planning, training and mentoring to bring about the best in individual genius. Williams, 2005 has put forth that leadership is a matter of mindset which can essentially be worked on and put into practice he has also highlighted high leaning and use of expertise as the need of managerial leadership competency. Similarly, not every individual is born with the ability to lead. Personal attributes can facilitate or deter a persons leadership abilities and require formalised programs for developing leadership competencies (Bennis 1989). Yet, everyone can develop their leadership effectiveness. However it requires a lot of conscious individual effort in or der to achieve such development. As in the case of a football player with born physical attributes, leadership has also been ascribed to an individuals early life influence. Some are more gifted than others and are born with some special talents. Traits like; personality, intelligence, energy and intuition which are indispensible for a leader are characteristics people are born with (Levicki 2002). Looking for traits associated with effective leadership, researchers have cited attributes like resolute energy, foresight and great persuasive skills (Yukl and Lepsinger 2004). We have come across so many political leaders fighting against the odds and making people believe in their vision with impeccable conviction and resolute. Mahatma Gandhi is a perfect example of drive, foresight and persuasive skills. It has however not been ascertained the specific traits which could guarantee leadership success. According to Edwards, 2011, it is possible for managers to develop their leadership a bility regardless of their gender and early life influences. Environmental factors play a key role amongst individuals as to how they develop themselves into leaders. A leaders problem solving abilities has a bearing on the effectiveness in solving organizational problems. Bennis, 1989 has also clearly stated that irrespective of the traits one might posses; it requires a great degree of personal effort and skill accumulation to propel an individual to a position of effective leadership. Various training programmes and related learning effectively help leaders to understand the requisites of successful leadership. However, knowing what to do and doing what one knows are two entirely diverse outcomes. An estimated 15% of classroom training results in sustained behavioural change with in the work place (Metcalfe 2011). Skill sets that can be developed to be an effective leader are discussed below; Technical Skill- Technical skills help organizations in realizing the actual product or service a company is designed to produce (Northhouse 2010). It is the knowledge or core competency in someones specialised area and activity. Possession of such skills could be referred to as leadership of knowledge (Edwards 2011). Mumford, Zaccaro, Harding et al., 2000 has suggested a skill based model based on five components such as; Competencies, individual attributes, leadership outcomes, career experiences and environmental influences. Human Skill- Human or people skill is the ability to work effectively with colleagues in order to achieve organisational goals. It could be walking along with subordinates, mentoring them or working in tandem with other team members. It is about getting a right mix of ones own perspectives and also being aware of others view of things (Katz 1955). Leaders with human skills adapt their own ideas to those of others. By doing that they manage to build a culture of trust and mutual respect, which in turn results in a conducive work environment where employees feel comfortable working with the leader and get the encouragement to get involved. A leader with human skills is one who is sensitive to the motivational factors affecting the sub ordinates and is considerate of others needs in his or her own decision making (Northhouse 2010). Conceptual Skill- It is the skill or ability to work on ideas and concepts. Leaders with conceptual skills bring about ideas that shape the future of the organisation as also the intricacies involved in bringing about the change (Northhouse 2010). This is critical to any organisation in creating a long term vision and strategic plan for future course of action. However conceptual skill is more relevant at the higher management levels (Edwards 2011). The skills approach provides a structure for understanding the nature of effective leadership (Katz 1955). Mumford, Zaccaro,Harding et al.(2000) opine that an effective leaderships skill model contends that leadership outcomes are the direct result of a leaders competencies in problem solving skills, social judgement skills and knowledge. Each of the competencies include large repertoire of abilities and they can be learned and developed. If we analyse the leadership style of business leader and investor Warren Buffet, he has shown tremendous expertise in all the leadership aspects discussed above. He has become an iconic figure by repeatedly proving his core expertise as an investor. Warren Buffett took the falls that any other leader has to take. He learned from his mistakes and turned his mistakes into a positive thing. Talking of human skills, Warren Buffett shares his leadership at all organizational levels and Buffett is empowered to share leadership responsibilities. Mr. Buffets continual approach of analyzing both possible investment choices, market trends, and the ability to place management resources of the right caliber in the right position has consistently brought this investor to the forefront amongst peers and the marketplace.Warren Buffett has leadership in all three departments and one must have these traits to be a good business leader. For a normal individual, it might require some events or a conscious effort so as to ignite the spark which can lead to development as a leader. The writer of the essay has benefitted from a close relationship with the managing director of a company who in turn was mentored by Dr. B. V. Rao (known as the father of Indian poultry industry). Getting into business, I had a chance meeting with the said person and was reluctant talking to him about my poultry start up. Considering the fact that I was a first generation businessman and that too in my early twenties, I thought I stood no where in the world of business. As it turned out, he seemed to be quite impressed with my enthusiasm and the fact that I had left my job in a FMCG MNC to start my own business. The talk was inspiring and supplemented me with the requisite courage to take the plunge. I have since remained in constant touch with him and benefitted immensely from his insight and mentoring. In spite of the presence of large pro ducers who were established players in the business we made our way through to become the states largest egg producer. Apart from the efforts put in by our team members and other factors, I have always realised my education, past experience and a global exposure has had a major role to play in providing our organisation the edge in the face of competition. We have been the early adaptors, technology leaders and have always taken the risk in pursuit of exponential growth. Turnbull and Bentley (2005) have identified certain occurrences which might play as triggers of leadership development: Experimental leadership development courses. Observing positive role models. Mentoring, coaching and consultant relationships. MBAs and leadership development courses. International and multicultural experiences. Voluntary and community work. Team sports. The suggested activities can be taken up at an individual level, which in turn can lead to development of leadership abilities by any individual if he or she pursues such interest. Modern day research on the learning process has been advocated as transformational learning theory. It accentuates on the self directed learning methodology and about change an individual brings in to oneself in order to live up to the responsibilities and achievement of organisational goals. Meizrow (1994, p.222) has put forth transformational learning as the process of constructing and appropriating a new or revised interpretation of meaning of ones experience as a guide to action. The cognitive process of learning is a key element of self development. (Merriam and Cafarella, 1999) have identified psychological edifice of experience, inner meaning and reflection being the components of the transformational learning process. Taylor (2000) has highlighted the importance of individual development as a vital aspect of transformational learning. Mr. Warren Buffets investment strategies and course of leadership are shining examples of characteristics shared by cognitive theorists. Going by the principles of Cognitive theory, he has demonstrated all the requisite skills of perception, anticipation, and thinking. At the core of every sound investor is a creative innovator. Leadership as self development: A personal development regime can enable one to develop a plan that facilitates acquiring essential leadership skills required for delivering to the organisational demands and across a wide spectrum of environment (Buswell, 2010) .The stepping stone on a journey of personal development is knowing and taking control of oneself. Training modules like PDP run by Bradford school of management requires the students to identify, skills that they believe they are inadequate at and to work on developing the same. The whole process starts from identifying strengths and weaknesses, developing an action plan and addressing the issues. The writer of this essay being an entrepreneur himself has been greatly influenced by Sir Richard Branson. Sir Branson, in his book Losing my virginity has mentioned about his scribe pad where he would note down all the ideas that come to his mind and events that he thought might have a relevance to self development. Bennis, 1989 has also talked about an erstwhile Disney executive who used a yellow pad to jot down unfamiliar terms and references to seek answers to at the next opportune moment. The same approach helped getting to know where I as an individual stood and to work on the weaknesses. Early life influences have been suggested as one of the factors for any individual to develop leadership abilities. Edwards 2011 however suggests that all managers can develop their leadership ability irrespective of gender and early life influences. It is only a matter of ability as to how much someone can develop more than other. The way forward to developing as a leader for an individual is to know and take control of oneself. Overcoming emotional barriers, building self confidence and emotional intelligence play a pivotal role for an individual to develop as a leader (Edwards 2011). Bennis(1989) talks about the importance of knowing the world as much as knowing oneself. A person can develop himself or herself beyond limits given the right attitude and a hunger for knowledge. Broad and systematic education, extensive travel and associations with mentors and groups make a big difference in personal development. It gives the individual the leverage over others in terms of authority and confidence. French and Raven (1959) in their classical behavioural model, mention of expert power which is power through knowledge. Travelling broadens up ones mind and makes people adapt to alien things. It helps seeing things in a different perspective which consequentially makes an individual flexible enough to adapt to the external environment and the challenging task of dealing with changing human behaviour. A well organised leadership development programme can provide the right platform for an individual to cultivate requisite leadership skills needed to perform across a wide spectrum of roles. As is said, knowing the problem is half the problem solved. Understanding oneself can take an individual to a situation where he or she starts working on the weaknesses and develops skills as necessary for the demands of the situation. As is cited above for the triggers of leadership, certain attributes from leaders or role models can be observed and emulated in the individuals context. Edwards, 2011 has mentioned being thrown in the deep end as a potential initiation of leadership development. Whereas it could be a practice followed by leaders to develop or nurture their sub ordinates, an individual can also get involved into circumstances with a conscious effort, where he or she is not familiar with and learn in the process. Bennis, 1989 has quoted Atkin as saying that, one sees a problem as an opportunity and learns through the experience of dealing with it. By doing so the individual not only develops own skills but could also earn the admiration of others. If we consider situati onal approach of leadership, it stresses of a dimension which consists of both directive and supportive elements which is applied appropriately in a given situation (Northhouse 2011). An individual who has gone through the process of dealing in unchartered territory will be better poised to understand the changing needs of subordinates and might be able to fine tune the degree to which he or she is directive or supportive. Bennis 1989, has emphasised the importance of knowing oneself, self knowledge, self invention for self development and consequently as leaders. Individuals need to inculcate a process of self knowledge so as to develop as a leader. Characteristics like being ones own teacher, learning to take responsibility add value to personal development and that one can learn as much as one wants to learn and true understanding comes from reflecting the individuals own experience are being noted as tools to leadership development. It could be worked out as a journey one embarks upon to achieve personal identity with a focussed approach of self development. Communication plays a pivotal role in getting people around to buy ones ideas. Effective leaders use it as a tool to get people involved in their ideas (Avery 2004). Apple founder Steve Jobs is famed for his ability to give speeches and captivate the audience attention. He has been highly effective in inspiring his employees and audience with the ability of an evangelist. Levici (2002) has stated that communication ability constitutes an important ingredient of the individual charisma. In this respect it can be observed that Steve Jobs posses the charismatic abilities by communicating his ideas using metaphors and analogies and storytelling. However Jobs charisma could also be related to the deep understanding he has about the business, which could be co related to the expert power. According to Levici (2002) charisma can be developed by adopting a systematic acquisition of certain superficial attributes coupled with certain self development of tone of voice, style of speech and phra seology. It has however been highlighted that one needs to posses a character in order to have a sustainable impact on people. Electromagnetic induction: An introduction Electromagnetic induction: An introduction Introduction Electromagnetic induction is the production of voltage across a conductor situated in a changing magnetic field or a conductor moving through a stationary magnetic field. Michael Faraday is generally credited with the discovery of the induction phenomenon in 1831 though it may have been anticipated by the work of Francesco Zantedeschi in 1829. Around 1830 to 1832 Joseph Henry made a similar discovery, but did not publish his findings until later History Faradays law was originally an experimental law based upon observations. Later it was formalized, and along with the other laws of electromagnetism a partial time derivative restricted version of it was incorporated into the modern Heaviside versions of Maxwells equations. Faradays law of induction is based on Michael Faradays experiments in 1831. The effect was also discovered by Joseph Henry at about the same time, but Faraday published first. Lenzs law, formulated by Baltic German physicist Heinrich Lenz in 1834, gives the direction of the induced electromotive force and current resulting from electromagnetic induction[2] Technical details Faraday found that the electromotive force (EMF) produced around a closed path is proportional to the rate of change of the magnetic flux through any surface bounded by that path. In practice, this means that an electrical current will be induced in any closed circuit when the magnetic flux through a surface bounded by the conductor changes. This applies whether the field itself changes in strength or the conductor is moved through it. Electromagnetic induction underlies the operation of generators, all electric motors, transformers, induction motors, synchronous motors, solenoids, and most other electrical machines. Faradays law of electromagnetic induction states that: Thus: is the electromotive force (emf) in volts ÃŽ ¦B is the magnetic flux in webers For the common but special case of a coil of wire, composed of N loops with the same area, Faradays law of electromagnetic induction states that where is the electromotive force (emf) in volts N is the number of turns of wire ÃŽ ¦B is the magnetic flux in webers through a single loop. A corollary of Faradays Law, together with Amperes and Ohms laws is Lenzs law: The emf induced in an electric circuit always acts in such a direction that the current it drives around. Consider the case in Figure 3 of a closed rectangular loop of wire in the xy-plane translated in the x-direction at velocity v. Thus, the center of the loop at xC satisfies v = dxC / dt. The loop has length â„“ in the y-direction and width w in the x-direction. A time-independent but spatially varying magnetic field B(x) points in the z-direction. The magnetic field on the left side is B( xC − w / 2), and on the right side is B( xC + w / 2). The electromotive force is to be found directly and by using Faradays law above. Lorentz force law method A charge q in the wire on the left side of the loop experiences a Lorentz force q v Ãâ€" B k = −q v B(xC − w / 2) j   ( j, k unit vectors in the y- and z-directions; see vector cross product), leading to an EMF (work per unit charge) of v â„“ B(xC − w / 2) along the length of the left side of the loop. On the right side of the loop the same argument shows the EMF to be v â„“ B(xC + w / 2). The two EMFs oppose each other, both pushing positive charge toward the bottom of the loop. In the case where the B-field increases with increase in x, the force on the right side is largest, and the current will be clockwise: using the right-hand rule, the B-field generated by the current opposes the impressed fieldThe EMF driving the current must increase as we move counterclockwise (opposite to the current). Adding the EMFs in a counterclockwise tour of the loop we find Faradays law method At any position of the loop the magnetic flux through the loop is The sign choice is decided by whether the normal to the surface points in the same direction as B, or in the opposite direction. If we take the normal to the surface as pointing in the same direction as the B-field of the induced current, this sign is negative. The time derivative of the flux is then (using the chain rule of differentiation or the general form of Leibniz rule for differentiation of an integral): (where v = dxC / dt is the rate of motion of the loop in the x-direction ) leading to: as before. The equivalence of these two approaches is general and, depending on the example, one or the other method may prove more practical. Moving loop in uniform B-field Figure 4: Rectangular wire loop rotating at angular velocity ω in radially outward pointing magnetic field B of fixed magnitude. Current is collected by brushes attached to top and bottom discs, which have conducting rims. Figure 4 shows a spindle formed of two discs with conducting rims and a conducting loop attached vertically between these rims. The entire assembly spins in a magnetic field that points radially outward, but is the same magnitude regardless of its direction. A radially oriented collecting return loop picks up current from the conducting rims. At the location of the collecting return loop, the radial B-field lies in the plane of the collecting loop, so the collecting loop contributes no flux to the circuit. The electromotive force is to be found Lorentz force law method In this case the Lorentz force drives the current in the two vertical arms of the moving loop downward, so current flows from the top disc to the bottom disc. In the conducting rims of the discs, the Lorentz force is perpendicular to the rim, so no EMF is generated in the rims, nor in the horizontal portions of the moving loop. Current is transmitted from the bottom rim to the top rim through the external return loop, which is oriented so the B-field is in its plane. Thus, the Lorentz force in the return loop is perpendicular to the loop, and no EMF is generated in this return loop. Traversing the current path in the direction opposite to the current flow, work is done against the Lorentz force only in the vertical arms of the moving loop, where Consequently the EMF is where â„“ is the vertical length of the loop, and the velocity is related to the angular rate of rotation by v = r ω, with r = radius of cylinder. Notice that the same work is done on any path that rotates with the loop and connects the upper and lower rim. Faradays law method An intuitively appealing but mistaken approach to using the flux rule would say the flux through the circuit was just ÃŽ ¦B = B w â„“, where w = width of the moving loop. This number is time-independent, so the approach predicts incorrectly that no EMF is generated. The flaw in this argument is that it fails to consider the entire current path, which is a closed loop. To use the flux rule, we have to look at the entire current path, which includes the path through the rims in the top and bottom discs. We can choose an arbitrary closed path through the rims and the rotating loop, and the flux law will find the EMF around the chosen path. Any path that has a segment attached to the rotating loop captures the relative motion of the parts of the circuit. As an example path, lets traverse the circuit in the direction of rotation in the top disc, and in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation in the bottom disc (shown by arrows in Figure 4). In this case, for the moving loop at an angle ÃŽ ¸ from the collecting loop, a portion of the cylinder of area A = r â„“ ÃŽ ¸ is part of the circuit. This area is perpendicular to the B-field, and so contributes to the flux an amount: where the sign is negative because the right-hand rule suggests the B-field generated by the current loop is opposite in direction to the applied B field. As this is the only time-dependent portion of the flux, the flux law predicts an EMF of in agreement with the Lorentz force law calculation. Now lets try a different path. Follow a path traversing the rims via the opposite choice of segments. Then the coupled flux would decrease as ÃŽ ¸ increased, but the right-hand rule would suggest the current loop added to the applied B-field, so the EMF around this path is the same as for the first path. Any mixture of return paths leads to the same result for EMF, so it is actually immaterial which path is followed. The use of a closed path to find EMF as done above appears to depend upon details of the path geometry. In contrast, the Lorentz-law approach is independent of such restrictions. A discussion follows intended to understand better the equivalence of paths and escape the particulars of path selection when using the flux law. Figure 5 is an idealization of with the cylinder unwrapped onto a plane. The same path-related analysis works, but a simplification is suggested. The time-independent aspects of the circuit cannot affect the time-rate-of-change of flux. For example, at a constant velocity of sliding the loop, the details of current flow through the loop are not time dependent. Instead of concern over details of the closed loop selected to find the EMF, one can focus on the area of B-field swept out by the moving loop. This suggestion amounts to finding the rate at which flux is cut by the circuit. That notion provides direct evaluation of the rate of change of flux, without concern over the time-independent details of various path choices around the circuit. Just as with the Lorentz law approach, it is clear that any two paths attached to the sliding loop, but differing in how they cross the loop, produce the same rate-of-change of flux. In Figure 5 the area swept out in unit time is simply dA / dt = v â„“, regardless of the details of the selected closed path, so Faradays law of induction provides the EMF as: This path independence of EMF shows that if the sliding loop is replaced by a solid conducting plate, or even some complex warped surface, the analysis is the same: find the flux in the area swept out by the moving portion of the circuit. In a similar way, if the sliding loop in the drum generator of Figure 4 is replaced by a 360 ° solid conducting cylinder, the swept area calculation is exactly the same as for the case with only a loop. That is, the EMF predicted by Faradays law is exactly the same for the case with a cylinder with solid conducting walls or, for that matter, a cylinder with a cheese grater for walls. Notice, though, that the current that flows as a result of this EMF will not be the same because the resistance of the circuit determines the current[3] Applications The principles of electromagnetic induction are applied in many devices and systems, including: Induction Sealing Induction motors Electrical generators Transformers Contactless charging of rechargeable batteries The 6.6kW Magne Charge system for Battery electric vehicles Induction cookers Induction welding Inductors Electromagnetic forming Magnetic flow meters Transcranial magnetic stimulation Faraday Flashlight Graphics tablet Wireless energy transfer Electric Guitar Pickups Hall effect meters Current transformer meters Clamp meter Audio and video tapes the circuit opposes the change in magnetic flux which produces the emf. The direction mentioned in Lenzs law can be thought of as the result of the minus sign in the above equation Eddy currents An eddy current is a swirling current set up in a conductor in response to a changing magnetic field. By Lenz ¹s law, the current swirls in such a way as to create a magnetic field opposing the change; to do this in a conductor, electrons swirl in a plane perpendicular to the magnetic field. Because of the tendency of eddy currents to oppose, eddy currents cause energy to be lost. More accurately, eddy currents transform more useful forms of energy, such as kinetic energy, into heat, which is generally much less useful. In many applications the loss of useful energy is not particularly desirable, but there are some practical applications. One is in the brakes of some trains. During braking, the metal wheels are exposed to a magnetic field from an electromagnet, generating eddy currents in the wheels. The magnetic interaction between the applied field and the eddy currents acts to slow the wheels down. The faster the wheels are spinning, the stronger the effect, meaning that as the train slows the braking force is reduced, producing a smooth stopping motion. Electrical generator Faradays disc electric generator. The disc rotates with angular rate ω, sweeping the conducting radius circularly in the static magnetic field B. The magnetic Lorentz force v Ãâ€" B drives the current along the conducting radius to the conducting rim, and from there the circuit completes through the lower brush and the axle supporting the disc. Thus, current is generated from mechanical motion. The EMF generated by Faradays law of induction due to relative movement of a circuit and a magnetic field is the phenomenon underlying electrical generators. When a permanent magnet is moved relative to a conductor, or vice versa, an electromotive force is created. If the wire is connected through an electrical load, current will flow, and thus electrical energy is generated, converting the mechanical energy of motion to electrical energy. For example, the drum generator is based upon . A different implementation of this idea is the Faradays disc, shown in simplified form in Figure 8. Note that either the analysis of Figure 5, or direct application of the Lorentz force law, shows that a solid conducting disc works the same way. In the Faradays disc example, the disc is rotated in a uniform magnetic field perpendicular to the disc, causing a current to flow in the radial arm due to the Lorentz force. It is interesting to understand how it arises that mechanical work is necessary to drive this current. When the generated current flows through the conducting rim, a magnetic field is generated by this current through Amperes circuital law (labeled induced B in Figure 8). The rim thus becomes an electromagnet that resists rotation of the disc (an example of Lenzs law). On the far side of the figure, the return current flows from the rotating arm through the far side of the rim to the bottom brush. The B-field induced by this return current opposes the applied B-field, tending to decrease the flux through that side of the circuit, opposing the increase in flux due to rotation. On the near side of the figure, the return current flows from the rotating arm through the near side of the rim to the bottom brush. The i nduced B-field increases the flux on this side of the circuit, opposing the decrease in flux due to rotation. Thus, both sides of the circuit generate an emf opposing the rotation. The energy required to keep the disc moving, despite this reactive force, is exactly equal to the electrical energy generated (plus energy wasted due to friction, Joule heating, and other inefficiencies). This behavior is common to all generators converting mechanical energy to electrical energy. Although Faradays law always describes the working of electrical generators, the detailed mechanism can differ in different cases. When the magnet is rotated around a stationary conductor, the changing magnetic field creates an electric field, as described by the Maxwell-Faraday equation, and that electric field pushes the charges through the wire. This case is called an induced EMF. On the other hand, when the magnet is stationary and the conductor is rotated, the moving charges experience a magnetic force (as described by the Lorentz force law), and this magnetic force pushes the charges through the wire. This case is called motional EMF. (For more information on motional EMF, induced EMF, Faradays law, and the Lorentz force. Electrical motor An electrical generator can be run backwards to become a motor. For example, with the Faraday disc, suppose a DC current is driven through the conducting radial arm by a voltage. Then by the Lorentz force law, this traveling charge experiences a force in the magnetic field B that will turn the disc in a direction given by Flemings left hand rule. In the absence of irreversible effects, like friction or Joule heating, the disc turns at the rate necessary to make d ÃŽ ¦B / dt equal to the voltage driving the current. Electrical transformer The EMF predicted by Faradays law is also responsible for electrical transformers. When the electric current in a loop of wire changes, the changing current creates a changing magnetic field. A second wire in reach of this magnetic field will experience this change in magnetic field as a change in its coupled magnetic flux, a d ÃŽ ¦B / d t. Therefore, an electromotive force is set up in the second loop called the induced EMF or transformer EMF. If the two ends of this loop are connected through an electrical load, current will flow. Magnetic flow meter Faradays law is used for measuring the flow of electrically conductive liquids and slurries. Such instruments are called magnetic flow meters. The induced voltage ÃŽ µ generated in the magnetic field B due to a conductive liquid moving at velocity v is thus given by: where â„“ is the distance between electrodes in the magnetic flow meter. Parasitic induction and waste heating All metal objects moving in relation to a static magnetic field will experience inductive power flow, as do all stationary metal objects in relation to a moving magnetic field. These power flows are occasionally undesirable, resulting in flowing electric current at very low voltage and heating of the metal. There are a number of methods employed to control these undesirable inductive effects. Electromagnets in electric motors, generators, and transformers do not use solid metal, but instead use thin sheets of metal plate, called laminations. These thin plates reduce the parasitic eddy currents, as described below. Inductive coils in electronics typically use magnetic cores to minimize parasitic current flow. They are a mixture of metal powder plus a resin binder that can hold any shape. The binder prevents parasitic current flow through the powdered metal.

Haya

BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (NEW CURRICULUM ACCORDING TO CATALOGUE 2005 – 2006) NAME: ID #: Tel #: P. O. Box: E-mail: MAJOR REQUIREMENTS CR CORE BUSINESS COURSES ACCT 210 CONCENTRATION 3 BUSS 200 BUSS 211 ACCOUNTING CR 3 3 ACCT 215 ACCT 217 to ACCT 250 3 ACCT 217 to ACCT 250 3 2 ACCT 217 to ACCT 250 3 BUSS 230 3 ACCT 217 to ACCT 250 3 BUSS 239 0 0 Any business elective Total Crs 3 15 BUSS 240 BUSS 245 1 BIDS CR BUSS 248 0 INFO 205 3 BUSS 249 3 DCSN 205 3 DCSN 200 3 INFO 210 to INFO 250 6 FINA 210 INFO 200 MKTG 210 3 or DCSN 210 TO DCSN 250 6 3 Any business elective 3 MNGT 215 3 33 CR Total Crs ENTREPRENEURSHIP 15 CR ENTM 220 TO ENTM 250 3 15 ENTM 220 TO ENTM 250 3 48 ENTM 220 TO ENTM 250 3 ENTM 220 TO ENTM 250 3 Total Crs. : GENERIC CONCENTRATION ACCT 217 TO MNGT 250 Total Crs. : A student can choose to graduate with a maximum of two concentrations Any business elective REQUIREMENTS FROM OUTSIDE THE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS 3 15 CR ECON 211 3 Total Crs FINANCE ECON 212 3 FIN A 215 to FINA 250 3 ENGLISH 208 3 FINA 215 to FINA 250 3ELECTIVE (200 & above) FOR ARTS STUDENTS MATH 203 3 FINA 215 to FINA 250 3 FINA 215 to FINA 250 3 FOR SCIENCES STUDENTS MATH 204 3 MATH 204 CMPS 209 3 CMPS 209 ELECTIVE (200 & above) 3 Students cannot choose EDUC 219, EDUC 227, ECON 213, STAT 201, STAT 210, STAT 234, ITEC 242, PSPA 275 as free non-business electives UNIVERSITY GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 3 ARABIC a ARABIC a Any business elective 3 Total Crs MANAGEMENT 15 CR MNGT 220 TO MNGT 250 3 MNGT 220 TO MNGT 250 3 MNGT 220 TO MNGT 250 3 3 MNGT 220 TO MNGT 250 3 3 Any business elective 3SEQ Id: CVSP 201 or 202 or 205 or any 207 (A,B,C,†¦) 3 SEQ IIe: CVSP 203 or 204 or 206 or any 208 (A,B,C,†¦) HUMANITY I from: Civilization Sequence, Arabic, English, History or Philosophy 3 Total Crs MARKETING 15 CR 3 MKTG 222 3 HUMANITY II from: Civilization Sequence, Arabic, English, History or Philosophy 3 ENGL 203b ENGL 204 ENGL 204c ELECTIVE (200 & above) MKTG 240 Two more from CVSP 201-208 or the selection of two approved humanities courses as listed in the aub catalogue 2005-2006 Total Crs. : TOTAL CREDITS NEEDED FOR GRADUATION 42 90 3 MKTG 215 to MKTG 250 3 MKTG 215 to MKTG 250 3 Any business elective Total Crs 3 15 IF EXEMPTED FROM ARABIC, ONE ADDITIONAL ELECTIVE COURSE IS REQUIRED; ARABIC 213, 214, 217& 218 ARE EXCLUDED b IF EXEMPTED FROM ENGL 203, STUDENTS MUST TAKE ENGL 204. c IF EXEMPTED FROM ENGL 204, ONE ELECTIVE COURSE FROM OUTSIDE THE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS IS REQUIRED. d STUDENTS WHO ELECT CVSP 205 MAY NOT ENROLL IN CVSP 201 OR 202 OR VICE VERSA. e STUDENTS WHO ELECT CVSP 206 MAY NOT ENROLL IN CVSP 203 OR 204 OR VICE VERSA. 18-Aug-05

Brothers Grimms

German folk literature undoubtedly is of the nationalistic nature, but not in the negative sense that most people usually associate it with. The Brothers Grimms folk tales have been thought of to have greatly influenced the German nationalistic attitude of which was pertinently shown in the twentieth century. Jakob Ludwig Karl Grimm (1785–1863) and Wilhelm Karl Grimm (1786–1859) are German philologists and avid collector of folk tales. They are the brothers who were made famous by the hundreds of children stories they wrote. Their book contains a collection of what probably are still the most famous children’s stories.The Brothers Grimms started taking an interest in fairy tales in 1803. Since then, both began writing down the tales that have been handed down from generation to generation. Most of these were not German, but are in fact of French origin. The Brothers Grimms went to a large extent to modify these stories and add a German touch to each of them. Ther e were a lot of myths regarding how these stories were collected. Only until a few years back had it been known that these stories were collected from the bourgeoisie, instead of what was believed to be from uneducated German peasants.The results of these extensive studies on folklore lead to the publication of their book Kinder- und Hausmarchen (English: Children's and Household Tales) contain the most beloved folktales in the work today. They have been translated to numerous languages – evidence that indeed these stories have interest the world. The first volume of the first edition of the Brothers Grimms collection of Folk tales was published in 1812, which contained 86 stories. The second volume followed in 1814 and contained 70 tales. Much were added and subtracted from the original set of stories in the succeeding editions of the collection.By the seventh edition, the Grimms’ Fairy Tales totalled 211 tales. Among the most popular of these 211 tales are The Little Red Riding Hood, Cinderella, Snow White, Hansel and Gretel, Sleeping Beauty and Rumpelstiltskin. It would be impossible to fully analyze each one of these stories as there are so many of them. Contrary to what the names suggest, these folktales are not so much about elves and fairies but more on foolish younger brothers, beautiful ladies, vain queens, mighty kings, wicked stepmothers, and anthropomorphized frogs and mice.Trickster figures are also rampant in Grimms’ stories, and most often than not, the heroes must trick these tricksters in order to fulfil their fortunes. The first edition of the Brothers Grimms stories received several criticisms. The book was entitled Children’s and Household Tales. However, critics feel that these stories are not suitable for children. The stories contain in-depth scholastic information that was regarded to be too heavy for children. They also had references to such subject matter such as sex and violence.The Brothers Grimms resolv ed to change some details of their fairy tales to fit suitability for children. Snow White and Hansel and Gretel used to have wicked mothers in the first edition. In the subsequent editions of the story, it was changed to wicked stepmothers. They also removed proofs of Rapunzel’s betrayal to the prince. She was not made pregnant in the later editions. Also, since these stories were not originally German, a lot of terms had to be changed. A fairy is an enchantress. A prince is a king’s son, while a princess should be a king’s daughter.Considerable attempts were also made to reconstruct the stories and make it more German. Many of the stories in Grimms’ fairy tales are considered to be coming-of-age stories. Young boys must prove their worth against the strong forces of nature or their domineering siblings. Young girls must leave their parents behind and learn to live with their husbands. The stories show how a lady or a gentleman should behave, with emphas is on decorum, responsibility and respect for superiors. The stories invoke obedience as reverence and love for the king. Great honor and glory is attributed with serving in the military.Loyalty also played a major part in the plot of the stories, which stress that anything beside a nationalistic spirit is unacceptable. Class separation is also very prominent in the stories. Generally, heroes are of low social status who turned out to be part of the royal family in the end. Heroes are depicted as gentle and compassionate to old women, poor peasants, and even to wounded animals. They are always rewarded with some treasure such as gold and silver, or are provided with a beautiful bride. On the other hand, a foolish character often finds himself a victim of some magic spell.The Brothers Grimms could not have stressed in their Fairy Tales the importance of the above mentioned values. With the over two hundred fairy tales in their collection, these values repeat themselves in all stories . Regardless if that story is about romantic love, filial love, adventure or heroism. These are the values which constantly show in each of the tales. Obviously, the brothers would want their readers to familiarize and apply these onto their daily lives. It is evident in the fairytales that the Grimms would want to teach about good values such as sympathy, kindness, loyalty and bravery.They want to educate by illustrating that heroes are richly rewarded while the villains are severely punished. The stories allow them to impart the values that are necessary for a nation to survive. The Germany we now know is different from what Germany was before 1800. It was only a group of people united together by one language, nothing more. With the publication of Grimms’ fairy tales, they combined fairytales that depicted real German culture and unified Germany. In fact, they have done their jobs perfectly well as Germans have a strong sense of nationalism.The Brothers Grimms, through the ir fairy tales are strong advocates of nationalism in Germany. However, what sets the Grimms’ fairy tales apart from the rest are the violence involved, especially in punishing the wicked. They contain more violence compared to other folk tales. This probably is the reason why the first edition received so much criticism on the stories as being children’s stories. The Brothers Grimms did not intend their stories solely for the children, however. As philologists, they sincerely hoped that their works can be used as resources in the studies of not only German literature but of German history, as well.Needless to say, the Brothers Grimms are granted as their collection of fairy tales have indeed made it to the cultural archives of German philology and are being used by scholars worldwide in understanding the German culture and language better. The Brothers Grimms were not only writers but are also active nationalists. They lived in an era when Germany was still a colony o f the French, and literature proved to be an outlet for them to do their share to preserve the German heritage. They wrote about princes and princesses, of magic and witches.But more than just being bedtime stories, these stories stirred the nationalistic character of their readers. They fought using their stories the promotion of a nationalistic Germany. The stories manage to bring back to life a time when knights were bold and the ladies were fair, when good always triumphed over evil, and when bravery and virtuosity were held in the highest esteem. Under Napoleon’s French rule, the Brothers Grimms strived to preserve what was German. That age was the age of Enlightenment. It was an age where traditional things are done in unconventional ways.France was probably the strongest advocate of the idealogies of Enlightenment at that time. Its ideals launched the infamous French Revolution which affected the whole of Europe. And France brought these Enlightenment ideas with them t o Germany. The brothers were two of those who encouraged their fellow Germans to reject the French ideologies, and instead take pride of their own culture. Through what may probably be thought of as cute bedtime stories nowadays, the brothers rallied to their people an intellectual backlash against the Germans which culminated the War of Liberation unifying the whole of Germany against Bismarck’s rule.This intellectual backlash further presented itself in other areas such as philosophy, science and politics. Other intellectuals resolved to reject the Enlightenment, and instead looked deeper into their culture for inspiration. This movement known as Romanticism spread far beyond Germany. And undoubtedly, our Brothers Grimms made a huge contribution to that development process. People started looking within themselves the attitude and abilities demonstrated in Brothers Grimms characters. People started to place much importance into their own cultural heritage.They were made awa re how important it is for a country to preserve its culture so it can also survive. In a way, whenever Grimms’ heroes fight the wicked spirits, the brothers are also fighting the French colonizers. In an impressive way they participated in motivating the rest of the German people to stand up and fight Napoleon’s rule. It was easy for the French to colonize a Germany that was not unified. Germany at that time don’t recognize themselves as one country. They do not have that sense of pride to be Germans.More so, they don’t as so much care regarding their cultural wealth. The Brothers Grimms changed that. The Brothers Grimms united the German people with the use of their popular collection of folklores. With the publication of the Grimms’ Fairy Tales, Germany now has something they can be proud of, something that was exclusively shared by the Germans. All a country needs to unite as one is to have something in common, and that’s what the Brothe rs Grimms provided. The brothers detailed in their folklores the ideals valued by each German.When the Germans read about these entertaining stories, they were not only entertained but their German pride has been strengthened and their nationalistic character has been awakened. The fairy tales hide in themselves the secret to overcoming the French dominion on Germany. The past was recaptured in entertaining stories of love and adventures. The brothers discovered that Germany had a charming and magical past. This belief helped keep up their enthusiasm to further write their folklores which eventually have affected and influenced the rest of Germany to instil nationalism into their hearts and minds.And the brother could not have chosen a better audience – German children. The children who were brought up with Grimms’ Fairy Tales grew to have a great sense of nationalism within them. The Grimms managed to incorporate into the child’s minds what is expected of him a s part of the Germany. Like the characters of the fairy tales he used to read, this child grew up to be virtuous, responsible, loyal and a great deal of nationalist pride. With all those characteristics, what more can a country need from its countrymen? The Grimm’s Fairy Tales have widespread influence. W. H.Austen regarded it as one of the founders of Western Literature. The Nazis patronizes it, especially among the children as it teaches them to be racist, especially in choosing their marriage partners. With this, the Allied Forces banned the stories as it promoted racial instincts. These tales were also referenced by Holocaust writers, i. e. Jane Yolen in her memoirs Briar Rose. It is simply amazing how a collection of children’s stories can have so much influence, not only in the authors’ hometown but to the rest of the world. Even up to this date, reading a Grimms’ Fairy Tale can still stir up the one’s patriotic side.One can’t help but sympathize with the major character’s plot to fight and defend what is rightfully his. The Brothers Grimms would have been proud to see how their works have affected so much. Nobody can contest the fact how much these cute stories have helped awaken the nationalistic Germans. We are fully aware that Germany is one country who really prided and regarded itself highly. The Brothers Grimms have indeed revolutionized Folk Literature. Folk stories do not only serve as bedtime stories for children but are also believed to inspire nationalists.Indeed, even a country’s fairy tales are reflective of that country’s ideologies. Brothers Grimms have found a most effective way of promoting the nationalistic attitude. They used entertaining fairy tales – subtle but sink deep in the youngest of hearts. References A. S. Byatt, â€Å"Introduction† p. xxx, Maria Tatar, ed. The Annotated Brothers Grimm. Haase, Donald, ed. 1993. The Reception of Grimms' Fairy Tales: Responses, Reactions, Revisions. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press. McGlathery, James, et al. 1988. The Brothers Grimm and Folktale.Chicago, IL: University of Illinois Press. Peppard, Murray. 1971. Paths Through the Forest: A Biography of the Brothers Grimm. New York, NY: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Tatar, Maria. 1987. The Hard Facts of Grimms' Fairy Tales. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Tatar, Maria. 2004. The Annotated Brothers Grimm, W. W. Norton & Co. Ward, Donald. â€Å"New Misconceptions about Old Folktales† p 98 James M. McGlathery, ed. , The Brothers Grimm and Folktale. Zipes, Jack. 2002. The Brothers Grimm: From Enchanted Forests to the Modern World, Palgrave MacMillan.

The republic of plato essays

The republic of plato essays The Republic of Plato in which he outlines his conception of the ideal human society analyses the meanings of justice and partiality and their place in governing a city. Plato confronts concepts of the Individual against the Community; pragmatism against idealism and he even suggests principles of morality, logic and even metaphysic (when he talks about the soul being a decisive factor in deciding whether one was just or unjust) when trying to explain in the dialogue the true meaning of Justice. Plato was born in the Greek City State of Athens. For some times they had enjoyed great political, social, cultural development, but Plato grew up in times of great conflicts and eventually war and defeat. When Democracy was restored, great philosopher Socrates was accused of corrupting the minds of the youths and thrown in jail where he eventually died poisoned. It is then that Plato wrote his famous Republic which was like a quest for wisdom, but also a quest for an antidote to the delusions and madness of the society. The dialogue is between the great philosopher, Socrates and his friends. The dialogue starts with Socrates walking along with Glaucon to attend the annual Festivals while they are met by Trasymachus who presses them to follow him to his house; there, they meet Cephalus, Trasymachuss father, Lysias, Euthydemus, Charmantides, Cleitophonm and Thrasymachus. Cephalus greets Socrates, they start a conversation and that initiate the debate or dialogue on justice which goes on till the end of the Republic. The dialogue is very interesting especially passages (340b-353e) where Socrates Idealism and Trasymachuss Pragmatism confront again. Trasymachus wants to hold on to his argument that the just is to do the advantage of the stronger; for according to him, in any society, the ruli ...

How to Conjugate French Regular -IR Verbs

How to Conjugate French Regular '-IR' Verbs There are five main kinds of verbs in French: regular -er, -ir, -re, stem-changing, and irregular. Once youve learned the rules of conjugation for each of the first three kinds of verbs, you should have no problem conjugating regular verbs in each of those categories. Regular -ir verbs are the second-largest category of French verbs. Indeed, these verbs are often referred to as second conjugation verbs. The verb form that ends in -ir is called the infinitive, and -ir is the infinitive ending. (In English, by contrast, the infinitive is the verb preceded by the word to.) The French verb with the infinitive ending removed is called the stem or radical.   Conjugating Regular French -ir  Verbs To conjugate regular  -ir  French verbs, its best to run through an example, step by step. Conjugate the French word  choisir  (to choose), for example, by following these steps: Remove the infinitive ending (-ir)  to find the stem (also called the radical).Note that the stem- the verb without  the  -ir ending- is  chois.Add the appropriate simple conjugation ending/s shown in the table in the next section. Note that the conjugation table below does not include  the  compound tenses, which consist of  a form of the auxiliary verb  and  the past participle.  Choisir  normally requires the auxiliary verb  avoir  (to have) in  compound tenses and moods. For  example,  Jai  choisi  would  transelate  as I have chosen. But, if you were to extend the sentence, you would delete the  present perfect, as in:   Jai  choisi  deux  là ©gumes verts. I picked (chose) two green vegetables.   Example Conjugations To conjugate an -ir verb in the present tense, remove the infinitive ending and then add the appropriate endings. For example, here are the present tense conjugations for the regular -ir verbs  choisir,  finir  (to finish), and  rà ©ussir  (to succeed): Pronoun Ending choisir chois- finir fin- russir russ- Je -is choisis finis russis Tu -is choisis finis russis Il -it choisit finit russit Nous -issons choisissons finissons russissons Vous -issez choisissez finissez russissez Ils -issent choisissent finissent russissent Some Common French Regular -ir Verbs French regular -ir verbs, the second largest group of French verbs, share a  conjugation pattern. Here are just a few of the most common regular - ir verbs: Abolir  Ã‚  to abolishAgir  Ã‚  to actAvertir  Ã‚   to warnBà ¢tir  Ã‚  to buildChoisir  Ã‚  to chooseà ©tablir  Ã‚  to establishà ©tourdir  Ã‚  to stun, deafen, make dizzyFinir  Ã‚  to finishGrossir  Ã‚  to gain weight, get fatGuà ©rir  Ã‚  to cure, heal, recoverMaigrir  Ã‚  to lose weight, get thinNourrir  Ã‚  to feed, nourishObà ©ir   to obeyPunir  Ã‚  to punishRà ©flà ©chir  Ã‚  to reflect, thinkRemplir  Ã‚  to fillRà ©ussir  Ã‚  to succeedRougir  Ã‚  to blush, turn redVieillir  Ã‚  Ã‚  to grow old Exceptions: Irregular -ir Verbs Most of the French -ir verbs are regular verbs, which conform to the previously discussed rules for conjugation. Its important to keep in mind that there are a number of  irregular -ir verbs  in French. These verbs can be tricky, but there is some good news: Only about 50 irregular -ir verbs exist in French, and they have only 16 conjugations. To simplify things further, most of those fall into just three groups. The first group of irregular  -ir  verbs is essentially conjugated like the verb  partir  (to leave).  This  group includes such verbs as: Consentir   to consentDà ©partir  Ã‚  to accordDormir   to sleep  Endormir  Ã‚  to put/send to sleep The second group consists of verbs that end in  s of these verbs include: Couvrir  Ã‚  to cover  Cueillir  Ã‚  to pick  Ã‚  Dà ©couvrir   to discoverEntrouvrir  Ã‚  to half-open In the third group, verbs such as  tenir  (to hold) and  venir  (to come) and their derivatives follow a shared conjugation pattern in the present tense. Note, however, a major difference in the compound tenses:  Venir  and most of its derivatives use  Ãƒ ªtre  as their  auxiliary verb, while  tenir  and its derivatives use  avoir. Wild Cards The remaining irregular  -ir  verbs dont follow a pattern.  You just have to memorize the conjugations for each of the following verbs separately. Luckily, they are among the most frequently used French verbs, so memorizing their conjugations is completely worth the trouble. They include: Acquà ©rir   to  acquire  Ã‚  Asseoir   to sitAvoir  Ã‚  to haveConquà ©rir   to  conquerCourir  Ã‚  to run

Texting and driving Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Texting and driving - Research Paper Example This paper shall exclusively try to relate texting while driving, and how the two must be kept separate when either one of these is committed into. Since texting is so common these days, the drivers do not feel the urge to park their cars at a safe location and then do the texting. Talking whilst driving might sound reasonable considering one receives the calls as and when these come, but texting can take a while to respond back. People need to realize the gravity of the problem that can linger on their heads and then find a solution to have a remedy for the same (Hermes, 2010). The remedy can be in terms of stopping one’s car and then finding the most appropriate place to park the car and do the texting bit. Recent accidents have proven that the drivers who were texting whilst driving have had more than 400 percent of their concentration diverted while doing this act. They completely block their minds and concentrate wholly and solely on what are written on the cell phone scr eens. They give up the idea that they are driving and respond to what all the content has been about. This is a grave situation which must be dealt with a stern hand, because many people can suffer on this count and are still suffering with each passing day, around the world. The cell phones can wait, they must and they should! After all, it is just a device which must not take one’s life. It does not have the power to take one’s life, but what is happening here is a totally different act altogether. The cell phones thwart the entire basis of a person’s concentration when he is driving. What this suggests is the fact that the cell phones are the attention diverters, and essentially break the ice between the concentration that the individuals have with the road and their car whilst driving (Squire, 2009). The sound of the cell phone message is enough for them to forget that they were on the car and start depending on what is written on the Inbox within their cell phones. This is a horrendous understanding which has been established by people in this day and age, where maximum concentration is laid on the fact that people need to be on their feet at all times, without any shortcomings coming to their fore, which is not humanly acceptable and possible. The birth of a social networking phenomenon has highlighted a number of negatives than bringing out any sheer advantages for the people. It is an acceptable proposition that the cell phones do create social linkages amongst people but this is no way means that the people can take their lives for granted, as well as the people who are around them (Author Unknown, 2010). A sense of empathy seems to be the missing ingredient within the thick of things, and for this proper efforts need to be made to make sure that sanity does creep in within the relevant equations. The social networking premise is such an important one that it will do away with the basics of spending a normal living pattern and bri ng into close proximity tools like cell phones and the like to remain in close contact with the people, no matter where they are and what kind of environments they are a part of. What must matter is the fact that cell phones do have to be used, and driving is no exception within the related folds. People need to unlearn what they have learned within the new dimension of cell phone usage and the

Will Private Equity Overtake Public Equity Term Paper

Will Private Equity Overtake Public Equity - Term Paper Example Private equity groups like Slater-Walker in the 1960s and Hanson Trust in the 1980s have been providing an alternative form of financing to public financing for many years now. These were the first firms or conglomerates that tended to fiancà © slumping companies and turned them around for cash generation. These private equity firms were seen as corporate saviors, which helped to revive poor performing firms and gave big returns to shareholders (BBC, 2006). Yet there may be downsides to private equity financing and in one recent analysis and news report, by Times, private equity companies are to face major tax deductions. The Times reported that firms financed by private funding may have to pay millions of pounds in extra taxes as commissioned with changes by the Treasury and Revenue & Customs. The report suggests that such heavy tax burdens can be a downturn for an industry that has created millionaire bosses. The tax rate on capital gains is set to rise from 10% to 40% (Timesonlin e, 2006). According to the report, private equity firms own companies that employ more than 20% of the UK private sector workforce. The Somerfield and Debenhams are major companies in the UK backed by private equity. Private equity bosses carry compensation packages of  £2billion a year so sudden tax burdens could go up to a few million pounds. However despite this sudden tax problem, which may have to be resolved by the BVCA, it is important to analyze why private equity firms have recently been more attractive than public equity firms and why has there been an exodus of top executives who moved from public companies to privately financed companies within the UK and indeed in many other emerging markets of the world. According to a recent cover story by Businessweek Online (Feb 2006), more and more of business firms are keeping away from public companies because of the ‘money, freedom and glamour’ of private companies.